The presence of the ARM Cortex-M4 processor core allows you to have access to a full-stack Arduino environment. In other terms, the UDOO NEO can be used as if it were a Arduino board, and in particular it can be programmed like an Arduino Uno.
To create sketches for Arduino, there is a pre-installed Arduino IDE inside the Udoobuntu OS. Alternatively, the NEO can be connected to an external PC where the Arduino IDE runs.